Original Research Article

Ameliorative Effect of Parkia biglobosa (African Locust Bean) Seed against Potassium Bromate-induced Oxidative Stress

C. N. Ugwu¹, I. O. Abali², C. E. Iwuoha³, N. M. Chika-Igwenyi⁴, C. A. Onyeaghala⁵, S. F. Orji⁴, C. Igwenyi⁴, C. L. Uche⁶, O. I. N. Onyekachi^7,8, M. U. Nwobodo⁴ and A. I. Airaodion^9*

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
²Department of Surgery, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
³Department of Community Medicine, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
⁵Department of Internal Medicine, University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers state, Nigeria
⁶Department of Haematology, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
⁷Department of Medical Microbiology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
⁸Department of Medical Microbiology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
⁹Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author's E-mail: augustineairaodion@yahoo.com

Received: 15 July 2022  I  Accepted: 19 August 2022  I  Published: 22 August 2022  I  Article ID: MRJMMS22060
Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.

Abstract

This study sought to investigate the ameliorative effect of Parkia biglobosa against potassium bromate-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats. P. biglobosa was extracted with soxhlet extractor with ethanol as the solvent. Twenty-four Wistar rats were grouped into A, B, C and D after seven days acclimatization. Group A was given distilled water orally. Animals in groups B, C and D were administered 100 mg/kg body weight of potassium bromate, but groups C and D were also treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of P. biglobosa respectively. At the end of 28 days after receiving potassium bromate and locust bean extract, the results of plasma, hepatic, renal, and cardiac oxidative stress indicators in rats are shown in Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. The findings demonstrated that, as compared to the control group, potassium bromate caused a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the plasma, hepatic, renal, and cardiac catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations, and increased Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Rats treated with extract from locust bean seeds at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight experienced significant increases in antioxidant levels and decreases in Malondialdehyde levels in their plasma and tissues, with the findings of the 200 mg/kg dose being comparable to those seen in the control group. P. biglobosa was found to cause significant increase in antioxidant levels among the rats thereby ameliorating the oxidative damage caused by potassium bromate.

Keywords: Ameliorative effect, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Parkia biglobosa, Potassium Bromate