September 2020 Vol. 8 No.9

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Original Research Article

Relationship between the Thyroid Cell Dysfunction and Vitamin D Deficiency

Dr. Itedal Abdelraheem Mohamed Ahmed

Najran University- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy

E-mail: itedalanatomy@gmail.com

Received: 03 September 2020  I  Accepted: 18 September 2020  I  Published: 29 September 2020  I  Article ID: MRJMMS-20-142
Copyright © 2020 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.

Abstract

Little is known about the role of vitamin D deficiency in thyroid cell dysfunction among patients with common types of thyroid disorder. This qualitative, descriptive cross-sectional study analyzed frequent causes of and risk factors for thyroid disorders associated with thyroid cell dysfunction among patients in hospitals in Najran, Saudi Arabia, from December 2018 to December 2019. Seventy-four patients were identified with thyroid disorders, including 51 (68.9%) with hypothyroidism, 19 (25.7%) with hyperthyroidism and four (5.4%) with thyroid cancer. Hyperthy-roidism correlated with psychological stress (r = 0.233, P = 0.046) and high doses of thyroid hormones (r = 0.284, P = 0.014), but not with unconsciousness due to trauma (r = 0.093, P = 0.432), thyroiditis (r = 0.047, P = 0.693) or vitamin D deficiency (r = -0.197, P = 0.092). Logistic binary regression analysis showed that high-dose thyroid hormone was independently associated with hyperthyroidism, as shown by the equation, Log (Hyperthyroidism) = -21.203-+ 22.377 high doses of thyroid hormone. Hypothyroidism correlated with vitamin D deficiency (r =0 .279, P = 0.016), but not with partial thyroidectomy (r = -0.010, P = 0.933) exposure of the head and neck to radiation (r = 0.079, P = 0.506), thyroiditis (r = 0.020, P = 0.868), or lack of iodine in food (r = 0.064, P = 0.585). Analysis showed that Logit (Hypothyroidism) = -1.308+ 1.234 vitamin D deficiency +1.802 thyroiditis. Hypothyroidism was the most frequent type of thyroid disorder in these patients and was significantly correlated with vitamin D deficiency, suggesting that vitamin D plays a beneficial role in the management of thyroid disorders. Hyperthyroidism correlated with thyroiditis and high doses of thyroid hormone.

Keywords: Cell and Molecular Biology, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid anatomy, Thyroid histology, Vitamin D