April 2020 Vol. 8 No. 4

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Original Research Article

Phytochemical Components of Butanol Fraction of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract Using GC-MS Analysis

Bob I.A. Mgbeje^1*, James Ofem Otu² and Flora O. Ugoanyanwu²

¹Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar
P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
²Department of Biochemistry, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail: bobmgbeje@yahoo.com

Received: 25 March 2020 I Accepted: 15 April 2020 I Published: 24 April 2020
Copyright © 2020 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.

Abstract

Earlier studies have shown the butanol fraction of Vernonia amygdalina to be hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and to ameliorate diabetes induced decreases in the level of male hormone and testicular damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of the butanol fraction of V.amygdalina leaf extract using Gas Chromatography-Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) with a view to unravelling the phytochemical constituents responsible for these antidiabetic activities. The GC-MS analysis of the butanol fraction revealed the presence of 18 major important bioactive compounds namely: 3, 5-bis 1, 1 dimethylethyl Phenol, Tetradecanoic acid, 1, 2-epoxyhexadecane (Oxirane), Methylhexadecanoate (Palmitic acid), Hexadecanoic acid (Eicosanoic acid), 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (Linoleic acid), 3, 7-dimethyldodecan-1-ol (Phytol), 6-octadecenoic acid (Oleic acid), octadecanoic acid (Stearic acid), Cholest-5, 3-ol, 5-acetate (Cholestane), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid (Di-n-octyl phthalate), Hexadecanoic acid butyl ester, 16-Hexadecanoyl hydrazide, Decane, 1-fluoro- Decyl fluoride 1-(Fluorodecane),9,12-Octadecadien-1-ol, 9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol, Di-n-octyl phthalate 1,2-(Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester), 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaene (or 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl [squalene]). Of the 18 phytochemical constituents, 14 are known to have a bearing on diabetes.

Keywords: Vernonia amygdalina, Phytochemicals, Butanol fraction, GC-MS Analysis.