September 2017 Vol. 5 No.9

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Original Research Article

Smoking is a more dangerous risk factor than metabolic syndrome in Egyptian patients with acute myocardial infarction

Samir Rafla^*, Sahar Hamdy, Aly Zidan and Maha Saeed

Cardiology Department, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail: smrafla@yahoo.com

Accepted September 18, 2017

Abstract

The aim of the manuscript is to assess the incidence of each risk factor in our community as a predictor of acute myocardial infarction. Fifty patients (Pts) admitted to the main university hospital with acute MI were studied. Inclusion criteria were: pts diagnosed as acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) based on typical retrosternal chest pain associated with typical electrocardiographic changes of STEMI, with at least one cardiac enzyme assay result above twice the limit of normal. Incident cases of acute STEMI presenting within 24h of symptoms onset were eligible. Metabolic Syndrome (MS) components were defined as detailed in the ATP III report: 1) waist circumference >102 cm in men and >88 cm in women, 2) fasting triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl. 3) HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dl in men and <50 mg/dl in women, 4) BP ≥130/85 mmHg, and 5) fasting - glucose ≥ 110 mg/dl. Participants with at least three of these components were determined to have the MS. MS was present in 27 pts (54%) The incidence of different risk factors in the 50 pts: Family history of any point (before age 60) as coronary disease, sudden death, diabetes, Ht was present in 36 pts (72%), smoking 38 pts (76%). 60 % had diabetes. Comparing to incidence in Egypt: Diabetes in infarcted patients was 5 (6) times more. Smoking was twice more, metabolic s. was twice more; HT was twice more (48%). We highlight the danger of diabetes and smoking as the most significant predictors of MI in Egyptians.

Key Words: Metabolic syndrome, risk factors, acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, diabetes, smoking