October 2017 Vol. 5 No.10

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Review

Common developmental abnormalities and Genetic Syndromes Affecting the Cervical Spine in Pediatric: An Update Review

Kaveh Haddadi^1* and Mahmoud Mehriyari²

¹Associated of professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Fellowship Scholar of Boston University Medical Center, Orthopedic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical science, Sari, Iran.
²MD, Resident of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail: kavehhaddadi56@gmail.com

Accepted October 21, 2017

Abstract

Instability and deformity of cervical spine theoretically is a devastating issue in numerous inherited syndromes. These complications cannot be ignored amongst the further general problems that were more aware of to whom assessing these conditions. We obviously project this study with a drive of review of the existing writings on the occurrence and challenges concern in assessment and treatment of common developmental abnormalities and genetic syndromes affecting the cervical spine disorders in pediatric. The data base was basically searched for cervical spinal column subjects in 11 particular and important syndromes. The significant training and publishing in this field was very low. A total of 57 articles were involved in the pediatric evaluation. Our main discussion is about down syndrome, Larsen syndrome, Morquio syndrome, Kniest dysplasia, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Goldenhar syndrome, Achondroplasia, Klippel-Feil Syndrome, Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Os Odontoideum and the management approach to these craniocervical specific conditions. The accurate occurrence of congenital anomalies of the cervical spine is unidentified, while the incidence is perhaps understated for the reason that many of them remain asymptomatic. Even though, some developing anomalies are remote sporadic basis, numerous ones are originated as portion of a multi-system or syndromic abnormality. There are some classic genetic syndromes affecting the craniocervical junction. So attention in the management of cervical spine abnormalities in patients with hereditary syndromes is essential.

Keywords: Pediatric, Cervical Spine, developmental abnormalities, Genetic Syndromes