July 2017 Vol. 5 No.7

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Original Research Article

Clinical profile and factors associated with treatment outcome in tuberculosis in children in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Aketi Loukia^1*, Shiku Diayisu Joseph¹, Bakoko Bryan², Anshambi Nicole³, Kashongwe Zacharie⁴ and Kayembe Kalambay Patrick⁵

¹Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
²National Tuberculosis Program, Provincial Coordination, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
³Student at the Public Health School at the University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
⁴Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
⁵Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Public Health School at the University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail: akelou@yahoo.fr

Accepted June 23, 2017

Abstract

The aim of our study is to evaluate the clinical profile of tuberculosis (TB) patients and identify factors associated with treatment outcomes in Kinshasa. A retrospective and multicenter study of children aged 0 to 15 years who presented with TB from January 2010 to December 2014 at 18 TB unit in Kinshasa was conducted. A total of 2500 cases were included [average age: 6.8 (± 4.7) years]. The majority, 1350 (54 %), had EPTB and 1150 (46 %) had PTB [834 (33.36 %) clinically diagnosed and 316 (12.64 %) bacteriologically diagnosed]. Concerning the treatment outcomes, 2094 (83.8 %) cases completed treatment, 295 (11.8 %) cases were cured, 34 (1.4 %) cases were transferred, 48 (1.9 %) cases defaulted, 21 (0.8 %) cases died, and 8 (0.3 %) cases were failed, then the treatment success (cure/treatment completion) was represented by 2389 (95.6 %) cases, and the poor outcome (defaulter/deceased/failure) was encountered in 77 (3.1 %) cases. There was a significant association (P=0.001) between the form of TB and treatment outcome. The chi-square of tendency showed that having PTB+ was associated with 2 times greater risk of poor outcome. The treatment success rate was appreciable in Kinshasa, but there is a need to improve the diagnosis of childhood TB.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Children; Clinical profile; Outcome; Kinshasa