December 2017 Vol. 5 No.12

Search Pubmed for articles by:
 

Original Research Article

Do Nitric Oxide Synthases Enzyme Inhibitors Affect Chondrocyte Activity?

Numan KARAARSLAN^1*, Ibrahim YILMAZ², Mehmet ISYAR³, Hanefi OZBEK⁴, Yener AKYUVA⁵, Duygu YASAR SIRIN⁶, Mehmet Sabri GURBUZ⁷, Tezcan CALISKAN¹, Necati KAPLAN⁸, Yasin Emre KAYA⁹, Bulent BILIR¹⁰, Mahir MAHIROGULLARI¹¹ and Ozkan ATES¹²

¹Assist. Prof. M.D.; Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, 59100, Tekirdag, Turkey
²Medical pharmacologist, pharmacist; Istanbul Medipol University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
³Assoc. Prof. M.D., Acibadem Kadikoy Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, 34517, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁴Prof. M.D., Ph.D., Istanbul Medipol University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
⁵M.D.; Gaziosmanpasa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 34433, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁶Assist. Prof. Ph.D., Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 59100, Tekirdag, Turkey.
⁷Assist. Prof. M.D., Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, 34000, Istanbul, Turkey
⁸Assist. Prof. M.D.; Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Rumeli University, Corlu Reyap Hospital, 59680, Tekirdag, Turkey
⁹Assist. Prof. M.D., Department of Orthoaedic and Traumatology, Abant Izzet Baysal University School of Medicine, 14000, Bolu, Turkey
¹⁰Assist. Prof. M.D., Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Mecicine, 59100, Tekirdag, Turkey
¹¹Prof. M.D., Memorial Health Group, Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, 34384, Istanbul, Turkey
¹²Prof. M.D., Istanbul Esenyurt University, Esencan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 34517, Istanbul, Turkey

*Corresponding Author’s É-mail: numikara@yahoo.com
Pbx: +9028 2250 5500

Accepted December 13, 2017

Abstract

In the experimental models, it was observed that osteoarthritis-related clinical and histologic findings could be inhibited with nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of NO, MMP-9, MMP-13, TIMP-1 and TNF-α on the viability and proliferation of chondrocytes. Primary chondrocyte cultures were obtained from the tissues of patients undergoing osteoarthritis surgery. Cell surface antigens were examined via flow cytometric analyses. Chondrocyte cultures were evaluated for cell viability and proliferation before and after the administration of 7-NI, AG, and L-ARG were added, either alone or with TGF-β1. Cell surface morphologies were examined via inverted light and environmental scanning electron microscopy. In all groups, TNF-α, MMP-9, MMP-13, TIMP-1 and NO were measured spectrophotometrically using commercial kits. Obtained data were analyzed statistically andalpha<0.05 was considered assignificant. Locally administered neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitors as 7-nitroindazole were shown to selectively inhibit nitric oxide release, and increase chondrocyte proliferation significantly more than the group to which inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors were applied.Injecting the aforementioned medications into the knee reduces the side-effects of nitric oxide-related biochemical mechanisms to the minimum, suggesting that these medication molecules may be effective in repairing cartilage damage or decreasing cartilage degeneration?

Keywords: Aminoguanidine, L-arginine, Nitric oxide synthase, 7-nitroindazole, osteoarthritic chondrocyte, primary cell culture