May 2016 Vol. 4 No.5

Search Pubmed for articles by:
 

Original Research Article

Impact of Vitex doniana Extract in Elimination of Salmonella Infection-a Tropical Neglected Disease

Dawang D. Noel^1*, Opajobi O. Solomon² and Nvau B. John³

¹Department of PRE-ND Science, Plateau State Polytechnic, B/Ladi, Nigeria
²Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Jos, Nigeria
³Department of Chemistry, Plateau State University, Bokkos, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author’s Email: ademnaan@yahoo.com
Tel.: +2348035864362

Accepted May 01, 2016

Abstract

The typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella are the cause of typhoid fever, paratyphoid and food borne disease respectively and have not been given adequate attention in Africa. It is worrisome especially with the emergence of neglected invasive non typhoidal Salmonella (NTS). Thus, the aim of this research was to screen an indigenous plant (Vitex doniana) as an alternative agent in elimination of the disease. Fifteen serotyped clinical Salmonella isolates were obtained from Medical Microbiology Department of the University of Jos Teaching Hospital. Antibiotic pattern of the clinical isolates was determined by Kirby- Bauer’s method. The isolates were also screened for their susceptibility to V.doniana crude extract by Agar Well Diffusion. Thirteen (86.6%) of the isolates were susceptible at the concentration of 200mg/ml while 9(60%) at 100mg/ml. The isolates were 100% susceptible to Pefloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol but exhibited high resistant against Amoxicillin+Clavulanic Acid, Amoxicillin and Ofloxacin. The Micro Well Dilution Method was used to determine the MICs of the plant fractions and the control drug (Pefloxacin). The both fractions, VF8 and VF3 had the same MICs within the range of 150µg/ml and 300µg/ml while that of Pefloxacin was between 9.37µg/ml and 600µg/ml. The MBC of both fractions, AF8, AF3 and Pefloxacin was between 300µg/ml and 600µg/ml and 150µg/ml-600µg/ml respectively. Nine (60%) were multidrug resistant while 6(40%) were susceptible suggesting high presence of MDR strains in the study area. The plant fractions killed (bactericidal) most of the isolates than Pefloxacin. Thus, it is likely that with further processing, this plant product could serve as therapeutic agent in eliminating this neglected tropical disease.

Keywords: Neglected tropical disease, Vitex doniana extract, multidrug resistant (MDR)