July 2015 Vol. 3 No.7

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Original Research Article

Differences among BMI groups in patients undergoing first elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

*Leonard Simoni MD, Ervina Shirka MD, Endri Hasimi MD, Suerta Kabili MD and Prof. Artan Goda FESC

Cardiology Service, University Hospital Center “Mother Theresa” Tirana

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail: leonardsimoni@yahoo.com
Tel: 00355682270765

Accepted July 23, 2015

Abstract

BMI is known to be an independent risk factor for hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and various cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to investigate the differences among BMI groups in patients undergoing first elective PCI. 781 consecutive patients who underwent their first-time elective PCI from September 2011 to December 2013 in the Department of Cardiology were enrolled in the study. The patients with BMI < 18.5 kg/m² or > 50 kg/m² and those who had previously undergone revascularization were excluded from the study. Patients were categorized according to their BMI groups. BMI 18.5 - 24.9 kg/m² normal group, 25 - 29.9 kg/m² overweight group and > 30 kg/m² obese group. We studied the demographic, angiographic, and interventional differences between BMI groups. Compared with normal weight individuals, those obese were younger (61.9 ±10.34 vs. 58.41 ± 8.01 p = 0.0006), had higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (46.4% vs. 26.6% p = 0.0001), dyslipidemia (77.5% vs. 65.4% p=0.0134) and hypertension (1.3% vs. 81.3% p=0.0067). There was a greater use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and Angiotensin Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs)/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) in obese individuals but it was not statistically significant. Obese individuals were associated with higher risk anatomy (3-Vessel CAD or LM) compared to normal individuals but not statistically significant (18.8% vs. 14.2% p=0.25). Obese patients were associated with a higher length of stents/person used (36.7 ± 22.02 vs. 31.7 ± 17.48 p=0.016) and also a larger diameter of stents/person used (3.14 ± 0.4 vs. 2.98 ± 0.33 p=0.0001) compared to normal individuals. Patients with a higher BMI are younger and have diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dislipidemia more frequently. Patients with a higher BMI have a higher length and larger diameter of stents/person used, probably related to a more extensive coronary artery disease.

Key words: Body mass index, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, percutaneous coronary intervention