April 2015 Vol. 3 No. 4

Search Pubmed for articles by:
 

Original Research Article

Epidemiology of burn wound infection and its antibacterial resistance, burn registry program

¹Seyed-Abolhassan Emami M. D., *¹Hamid Karimi M. D. and ²Abolhassan Alijanpour M. D.

¹Associate professor in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
²Assistant Professor of General Surgery, Fellowship of Burns, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran

*Corresponding Author’s Email: hamidkarimi1381@yahoo.com/karimihamid11@gmail.com
Tel: + 98 912 3179089
Fax: + 98 21 88770048

Accepted April 07, 2015

Abstract

Study of burn flora is helpful in determining current antibiotic susceptibilities and also helpful in locating development of multidrug resistant bacterial strains among the unit's usual flora. Now-a-days the epidemiology of burn wound infections as well as the definitions of burn wound infection, burn wound sepsis and septic shock have changed due to important changes in its treatment. In this study we were to determine the bacteriological pattern of burn wound infections and describe their sensitivity to antibiotics. We used data of our Burn registry program. This is a prospective study, March 2009 to March 2011. All of data about demographic data, age, sex, burn wounds and burn wound infection, Bacteria isolated, sensitivity to different Antibiotics, Burn wound culture, sputum culture, urine culture and catheter tip culture were recorded. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined with the agar disc diffusion method. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Version 19 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. During this study we had 1721 admitted burn patients. The mean age was 26.3 +/- 20.25. Mean hospital stay was 14.41 days (range 0-64 days). Mean (SD) of TBSA was 16.48 (20.67) years; the mortality rate was 5.9 %, Burn wound infection was present in (38.54%). The most frequent sepsis were Staphylococcus spp. (55.1%) and, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.29%), Entrococus (12.24%), E coli (4%), Klebsiella and proteus (each one 2%). Positive urine cultures were in 27.9%, positive sputum cultures were in 1.14%, positive catheter tip cultures were in 12.3% and positive blood culture were in 7.6% of the cases. There was correlation between positive wound and blood and urine cultures. Strict and rigorous application of hygiene rules, early wound dressing , early debridement, together with continuous epidemiological surveillance of burn wound bacteria, are important to optimize burn wound infection prevention and treatment and empiric antibiotic therapy.

Keywords: Antibiotic, Bacteriology, Burns, Complication, Early excision, Resistance