April 2018 Vol.6 No.3

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Original Research Article

Detection of T-2 Toxin from Some Egyptian Fusarium Strains with Special Reference to its Cytotoxicity

Samah Abd El-Kader El-Debaiky^1*, Osman El-Maghraby², Samia El-Rabbat³ and Ashraf Haider⁴

¹Lecturer of Mycology, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University
²Professor of Microbiology, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University
³Researcher in Center of Scientific Excellence and Technology
⁴Professor of Molecular Genetics, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University.

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail: Samaheldebaiky@science.tanta.edu.eg

Accepted April 02, 2018

Abstract

In the present study some Egyptian Fusarium strains were isolated previously from some cereal grains, tested for production of trichothecenes mycotoxins especially T-2 toxin by thin layer chromatography method (TLC). The results revealed that nine strains gave positive results for production of trichothecenes especially T-2 toxin. These strains are F. anthophylum, F. equiseti (KM246255.1), F. fujikuroi (MG211161), F. fujikuroi (MG211162), F. sporotrichioides (MG211163), F. solani (MG211159), F. solani (MG211160), F. subglutinans and F. verticillioides (XM_018895258.1). The identity percentage of T-2 toxin produced by each strain was detected by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) where F. solani (MG211159), F. fujikuroi (MG211161) and F. verticillioides (XM_018895258.1) recorded the highest values (95, 98 and 98 %) respectively. Moreover, F. solani (MG211159) was selected for mass production of T-2 toxin on rice grains then separated and purified using column chromatography. Then, cytotoxicity of this purified T-2 toxin was examined on fibroblast cell line to detect the safe concentration of this mycotoxin when consumed by human in contaminated cereal grains. The disorder changes and toxicity of treated cells reduced by decreasing T-2 toxin concentration till certain concentration where the appearance of the treated cells resembles the normal cells. This concentration which equal 5.60 ng/ml was considered safe and nontoxic. All these results revealed that the contamination of cereal grains by the tested Fusarium strains will be consequently contaminated by T-2 toxin which has toxic effects on human health except at the safe concentration.

Keywords: Fusarium, Trichothecenes, T-2 toxin, TLC, HPTLC and Cell lines.