November 2015 Vol.3 No.2

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Original Research Article

Evaluation of Genetic Polymorphisms in CD36 Gene and Other Co-factors in Al-Baha Population with Myocardial Infarction Disease

Siddig A. Rahoud (PhD)¹, Awad A. Algarni (PhD)¹, Tito N. Habib (PhD)^1*, Adil Mergai (MD, PhD)², Tarek Y. S. Kapiel (PhD)¹, Lutfullah N. Ahmed (MD)³, Abdelraheem M. Almanger (MD)⁴, Abdelazeem M. Aldershowi (MD)³ and Ali S. Dammas (MD)⁴
 

¹Albaha University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Biology Dept., Baljurashi, KSA
²Taif University, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Tarabah, KSA
³Baljurashi General Hospital, Baljurashi, KSA
⁴King Fahad Hospital, Al-Baha, KSA

*Corresponding Author’s Email: titohabib99@yahoo.com
Mobile: +966597458052

Accepted November 08, 2015

Abstract

To evaluate the role of the genetic mutations of cd36 gene in development of myocardial infarction and to build data for the risk factors for the disease among Saudi population of Al- Baha District. An association case-control study was conducted between May 2014 and April 2015 to investigate the role of CD36 deficiency in the development of MI among Saudi population at Al- Baha District. Cases with MI were enrolled in the study after giving an informed consent to participate. Blood sample was drawn for measurement of serum markers and DNA extraction. Individuals without clinical evidence of (CAD) were enrolled as Controls. Mutations in CD36 gene among patients and controls were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restricted fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). SPSS, T- test, Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 values were considered as significant. Myocardial infarction (MI) is considered as a leading cause of death around the world. An association case-control study of Saudi patients with MI (n=77, M/F=62/15, average age 64.12±13.6) and their normal controls (n=31, M/F=21/10, average age 58±20.3) was conducted between May, 2014 and April, 2015 in Saudi population of Al-Baha area, KSA, to investigate the role of CD36 deficiency and other co-factors in the development of MI. Smoking, high blood pressure, heart failure and diabetes were found to be associated with MI and represent as risk co-factors in predisposition to the disease and their Odd Ratio (O.R) were 5.8, 3.91, 3.91 and 1.6 respectively. The single nucleotide polymorphism (478 C›T, Pro90 homozygous) of the gene CD36 was highly prevalent (96%) and its mutant heterozygous (Pro90/Ser90) was not found in the Saudi population in Al-Baha area. The single nucleotide polymorphism (478 C›T, Pro90 homozygous) of the gene CD36 is highly prevalent (96%) and its mutant heterozygous (Pro90/Ser90) was not found in the Saudi population in Al-Baha area. Factors such as smoking, high blood pressure, heart failure and diabetes have strongly associated with MI according to their Odd Ratio (5.8, 3.91, 3.91 and 1.6 respectively) and these factors are represented as co-factors for the disease predisposition. Our study in Al-Baha population represents a preliminary study, so, in order to know the actual and accurate prevalence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations in the CD36 gene and their association with MI in Saudi population, Further studies are needed for other loci on CD36 gene.

Keywords: CD36 – C478T, Genetic factors, Myocardial infarction, Cholesterol, Polymorphism